Semaglutide
Also known as: Ozempic (weekly), Wegovy (weight loss), Rybelsus (oral), GLP-1 analogue
A highly modified GLP-1 receptor agonist with a C18 fatty diacid modification enabling once-weekly dosing. One of the most extensively studied metabolic peptides.
Overview
Semaglutide is a 94% homologous analogue of human GLP-1 with two key modifications: a substitution at position 8 (Aib) preventing DPP-IV cleavage, and a C18 fatty diacid chain attached at lysine 26 that enables tight albumin binding. This design yields a half-life of approximately one week, allowing for once-weekly subcutaneous injection or daily oral administration (using an absorption enhancer).
Clinical trials for obesity (STEP program) demonstrated average weight reductions of 14.9–17.4% over 68 weeks. For type 2 diabetes (SUSTAIN program), semaglutide showed superior HbA1c reduction and MACE risk reduction versus comparators. Ongoing research is examining its effects on MASH, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, chronic kidney disease, and Alzheimer's disease.
Mechanism of Action
Semaglutide acts at GLP-1 receptors in the pancreas (stimulating glucose-dependent insulin secretion), brain (reducing appetite and food reward), stomach (slowing gastric emptying), and liver (reducing glucagon-driven glucose output). The albumin binding achieved through fatty acid modification extends its circulating half-life and reduces renal clearance.
Research Areas
- ●Type 2 diabetes management
- ●Obesity and weight management
- ●Cardiovascular risk reduction (MACE)
- ●Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (MASH)
- ●Chronic kidney disease protection
- ●Neurodegenerative disease (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's) research
- ●Alcohol and substance use disorder research
Storage & Handling
Store lyophilized at -20°C. Reconstituted: 2–8°C, 28–56 days depending on formulation.
Soluble in phosphate-buffered saline or sterile water
For Research Use Only. This information is provided for educational and research purposes. Semaglutide is not approved for human consumption, veterinary use, or clinical application. All research must be conducted in accordance with applicable laws and institutional guidelines.