Melanotan II
Also known as: MT-2, MT-II, Cyclo[Nle4,d-Phe7]-α-MSH
A synthetic cyclic analogue of alpha-MSH. Potently activates melanocortin receptors to induce melanogenesis, and also acts centrally to stimulate sexual arousal (leading to the PT-141 discovery).
Overview
Melanotan II is a cyclic analogue of the endogenous alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It was developed at the University of Arizona as part of a program to create a "sunless tanning" agent that would reduce UV exposure-related skin cancer risk. By stimulating melanogenesis before sun exposure, it was hypothesized that photoprotection could be enhanced.
Melanotan II activates all five melanocortin receptors (MC1R–MC5R), which accounts for both its desired effects (pigmentation via MC1R in melanocytes) and its off-target effects including appetite suppression, sexual arousal (via hypothalamic MC3R/MC4R — which led to the discovery of PT-141), and nausea. Its non-selective MC receptor profile distinguishes it from the more selective Melanotan I.
Mechanism of Action
Melanotan II activates MC1R on melanocytes, triggering the cAMP-PKA cascade that upregulates melanin synthesis (both eumelanin and phaeomelanin). Simultaneous MC3R/MC4R activation in the hypothalamus drives the sexual arousal effects. MC4R activation in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus contributes to appetite suppression and nausea.
Research Areas
- ●Melanogenesis and skin pigmentation
- ●Photoprotection and UV-independent tanning
- ●Sexual arousal and MC3R/MC4R pharmacology
- ●Appetite regulation
- ●Melanocortin receptor pharmacology (MC1R–MC5R)
Storage & Handling
Lyophilized: -20°C; protect from light. Reconstituted: 2–8°C, 28 days.
Soluble in sterile water
For Research Use Only. This information is provided for educational and research purposes. Melanotan II is not approved for human consumption, veterinary use, or clinical application. All research must be conducted in accordance with applicable laws and institutional guidelines.